{"id":1372,"date":"2019-05-03T07:52:40","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T00:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/?p=1372"},"modified":"2019-05-03T07:52:40","modified_gmt":"2019-05-03T00:52:40","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-cay-thanh-long-ruot-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/2019\/05\/03\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-thanh-long-ruot-do\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y Thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\tGi\u1ed1ng Thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thanh long N\u1eef Ho\u00e0ng (t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Hylocereus) thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng H14 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Colombia.<\/strong>\nGi\u1ed1ng thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a Lycopene, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4xy ho\u00e1 t\u1eeb thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0, b\u1ec7nh tim v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m huy\u1ebft \u00e1p.\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb.\nThanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng thanh long tr\u1eafng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i thanh long \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1eadm t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng; b\u00ean trong ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eb3m nh\u01b0 son, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf c\u0169ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i thanh long tr\u1eafng. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Vitamin C 12 – 6, Protid 1,30 \u2013 1,08, Vitamin A , Glucid, Lipit th\u00ec thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ea5t cao.\n\"\"\nK\u0129 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng\u00a0<\/strong>\n1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2y thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf<\/strong>\nQu\u1ea3 thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng , d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao , \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng , nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb 15 \u2013 35oC , n\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u01b0\u1edbng nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng nam, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec1u. L\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u00ean n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 hay b\u1edd r\u00e0o \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n , \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t d\u00ednh 20% , h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t 40% , h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea5t 40% s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y thanh long h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng , h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a t\u1eeb 50 \u2013 100mm th\u00ec c\u00e2y s\u1ebd sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t.\n2. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong>\n+ L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n:<\/strong>\n\u2013 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng: D\u00f9ng 600 \u2013 1000kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng\/m\u1eabu v\u00e0 v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5th\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t.\n\u2013 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi 15 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i cu\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng , ph\u00eda trong th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i 10 \u2013 15cm \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n.\n\u2013 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3i: Tr\u00ean 15 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eebng kh\u00f3m kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u00f3m 2 x 2m.\n\u2013 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ecfi: M\u1ed7i h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 1m tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 30cm, \u0111\u00e1 chung quanh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee5n , s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 50% \u0111\u1ea5t m\u01b0\u1ee3n , 30% c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn , 20% ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u00edt v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t cho xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1.\n*C\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng phun v\u00e0o c\u00e2y v\u00e0 chung quanh b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5. Khi c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eeda n\u0103m th\u00ec r\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n che \u0111\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u1ecf m\u1ecdc.\n+ C\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong>\nTr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch: 2 , 5 x 2 , 5m , tr\u1ed3ng s\u00e2u 5 \u2013 10cm , khi tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed9t ( c\u1ed9t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7 ) , m\u1ed7i h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb 4 \u2013 8 c\u00e2y con chung quanh c\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e2y thanh long mau l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao ph\u1ea3i che \u0111\u1eady c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n do \u00e1nh n\u1eafng, do \u00fang n\u01b0\u1edbc , gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o… \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1eaft x\u00e9n nh\u1eefng nh\u00e1nh c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ra qu\u1ea3 ng\u1eaft b\u1edbt hoa v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hoa n\u1edf v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 , m\u1ed7i c\u00e0nh n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 3 \u2013 4 qu\u1ea3. C\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y con m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng , khi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam kali ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e9t cho c\u00e2y , \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi che \u0111\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v.v…\nS\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y thanh long\n+ Ru\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee5c tr\u00e1i: ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xem h\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean l\u00e0m th\u1ed1i v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i.\nPh\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: V\u1ec7 sinh , d\u1ecdn c\u1ecf , thu nh\u1eb7t ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y tr\u00e1i r\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1eb7t b\u1ea9y d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 ru\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh , b\u00e3 m\u1ed3i Sofri protein+ Fipronil 5% \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e3\u2026Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 treo thu\u1ed1c Vizubon trong v\u01b0\u1eddn. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m b\u00e3 b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y \u00e9 t\u00eda, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn. V\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bao qu\u1ea3 sau khi hoa th\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3-4 ng\u00e0y.\n+ B\u1ecd x\u00edt: Ch\u00edch h\u00fat tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf tai tr\u00e1i , v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdt c\u00e0nh non v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.\nPh\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: V\u1ec7 sinh v\u01b0\u1eddn , ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn c\u00e1c n\u01a1i r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a \u1ee7 hoai. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t b\u1ecd tr\u0129 trong danh m\u1ee5c cho ph\u00e9p.\n+ B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh do n\u1ea5m Alternaria sp l\u00e0m cho c\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00e9m , \u00faa v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m th\u1ed1i. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a n\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8. Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 , kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac n\u1eafng g\u1eaft, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng cho khu v\u01b0\u1eddn , gom , ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y nh\u00e1nh b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh , c\u1ea1o b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh b\u00f4i thu\u1ed1c g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1ecdai thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb .\n+ B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u do n\u1ea5m Gloesporium agaves. B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft cua , m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n r\u00e3i r\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t d\u00e0i.\nPh\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: c\u1eaft b\u1ecf , ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m nh\u01b0 Roval , ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p Anvil v\u1edbi Topas.\n+ B\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 do n\u1ea5m Colletotrichum sp kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a t\u00ean c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 hoa , tr\u00e1i.\nPh\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf c\u00e0nh l\u00f2a x\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf , ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e0nh nh\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb phun l\u00ean hoa , ho\u1eb7c l\u00ean tr\u00e1i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ee5y \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e9o r\u1ee7 \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u00e1i.\n+ B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n do n\u1ea5m Bipolaris cactivora g\u00e2y ra. B\u1ec7nh n\u1ea3y sinh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. G\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean n\u1ee5 , hoa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tr\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t thu tr\u00e1i.\nPh\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb: Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1ebb c\u00e1nh hoa Thanh long sau khi th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n 3-4 ng\u00e0y; d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e1n th\u01b0.]]>\t\t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1372","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-khoa-hoc-ky-thuat"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1372"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1372\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoinongdanhp.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}